Monday, 20 February 2017
Wednesday, 15 February 2017
Tuesday, 14 February 2017
mines tourism
I AM PROMOTING COAL TOURISM . COAL TOUR MEANS TOURISM OF MINES AND MINES AREA IT CONSISTS 9F MANY OBJECTIVES
To promote mining
To earn revenue from tourists
To attract people from countries where mines are not present or very limited to come to see mining
To be creative
Really we want to make famous coal tourism and facts about mines. It is one of the most adventurous tour in the world
Be the persons promoting and sharing knowledge facts working about tour
Tour contains blasting of mines method of working views etc
Monday, 13 February 2017
bauxite mining
Bauxite, an aluminium ore, is the world's main source of aluminium. It consists mostly of the minerals gibbsite (Al(OH)3), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)) and diaspore (α-AlO(OH)), mixed with the two iron oxides goethite and haematite, the clay mineral kaolinite and small amounts of anatase (TiO2) and ilmenite (FeTiO3 or FeO.TiO2).[1][2] In 1821 the French geologist Pierre Berthier discovered bauxite near the village of Les Baux in Provence, southern France.[3] In 1861, French chemist Henri Sainte-Claire Deville named the mineral "bauxite".[4]
copper mining in united states
Copper mining in the United States
For the leading mines, see Lists of copper mines in the United States.
US primary copper production 1900-2008. Source: USGS
US Mines producing copper in 2003 either as a primary or secondary commodity. (Alaska and Hawaii produced no copper in 2003.) Source: USGS
Copper mining in the United States has been a major industry since the rise of the northern Michigan copper district in the 1840s. In 2014 the United States produced 1.37 million metric tonnes of copper, worth $9.7 billion, making it the world's fourth largest copper producer, after Chile, China, and Peru. Copper was produced from 27 mines in the US. Top copper producing states in 2014 were (in descending order) Arizona, Utah, New Mexico, Nevada, and Montana. Minor production also came from Idaho, and Missouri. As of 2014, the US had 35 million tonnes of known remaining reserves of copper, the fifth largest known copper reserves in the world, after Chile, Australia, Peru, and Mexico.[1]
Copper in the US is used mainly in construction (43%) and electric equipment (19%). In 2014, the nation produced 69% of the copper it used, relying on imports from Chile, Canada, Peru, and Mexico for the remaining 31%.[1]
Copper mining activity increased in the early 2000s because of increased price: the price increased from an average of $0.76 per pound for the year 2002, to $3.02 per pound for 2007.[2]
A number of byproducts are recovered from American copper mining. In 2013, American copper mining produced 28,500 metric tons of molybdenum, worth about $700-$800 million, which was 47% of total US production.[3] In 2014, copper mining produced about 15 metric tons of gold, worth $600 million, which represented 7% of US gold production.[4] Other byproducts of the copper extraction process included silver, and minor amounts of rhenium and platinum-group metals. Sulfuric acid is recovered at copper smelters.[5]
Sunday, 12 February 2017
GOLD MINING
Gold mining is the resource extraction of gold by mining.
As of 2014, the world's largest gold producer by far was China with 450 tonnes. The second-largest producer, Australia, mined 274 tonnes in the same year, followed by Russia with 247 tonnes.[1]
History Edit
A miner underground at Pumsaint gold mine Wales; c. 1938?.
Landscape of Las Médulas, Spain, the result of hydraulic mining on a vast scale by the Ancient Romans
Late 15th and early 16th century mining techniques, De re metallica
It is impossible to know the exact date that humans first began to mine gold, but some of the oldest known gold artifacts were found in the Varna Necropolis in Bulgaria. The graves of the necropolis were built between 4700 and 4200 BC, indicating that gold mining could be at least 7000 years old.[2] A group of German and Georgian archaeologists claims the Sakdrisi site in southern Georgia, dating to the 3rd or 4th millennium BC, may be the world's oldest known gold mine.[3]
Bronze age gold objects are plentiful, especially in Ireland and Spain, and there are several well known possible sources. Romans used hydraulic mining methods, such as hushing and ground sluicing on a large scale to extract gold from extensive alluvial (loose sediment) deposits, such as those at Las Medulas. Mining was under the control of the state but the mines may have been leased to civilian contractors some time later. The gold served as the primary medium of exchange within the empire, and was an important motive in the Roman invasion of Britain by Claudius in the first century AD, although there is only one known Roman gold mine at Dolaucothi in west Wales. Gold was a prime motivation for the campaign in Dacia when the Romans invaded Transylvania in what is now modern Romania in the second century AD. The legions were led by the emperor Trajan, and their exploits are shown on Trajan's Column in Rome and the several reproductions of the column elsewhere (such as the Victoria and Albert Museum in London).[4] Under the Eastern Roman Empire Emperor Justinian's rule, gold was mined in the Balkans, Anatolia, Armenia, Egypt, and Nubia.[5]
In the area of the Kolar Gold Fields in Bangarpet Taluk, Kolar District of Karnataka state, India, gold was first mined prior to the 2nd and 3rd century AD by digging small pits. (Golden objects found in Harappa and Mohenjo-daro have been traced to Kolar through the analysis of impurities — the impurities include 11% silver concentration, found only in KGF ore.[citation needed]) The Champion reef at the Kolar gold fields was mined to a depth of 50 metres (160 ft) during the Gupta period in the fifth century AD. During the Chola period in the 9th and 10th century AD, the scale of the operation grew.[citation needed] The metal continued to be mined by the eleventh century kings of South India, the Vijayanagara Empire from 1336 to 1560, and later by Tipu Sultan, the king of Mysore state and the British. It is estimated that the total gold production in Karnataka to date is 1000 tons.[6]
The mining of the Slovak deposit primarily around Kremnica was the largest of the Medieval period in Europe.[7]
During the 19th century, numerous gold rushes in remote regions around the globe caused large migrations of miners, such as the California Gold Rush of 1849, the Victorian Gold Rush, and the Klondike Gold Rush. The discovery of gold in the Witwatersrand led to the Second Boer War and ultimately the founding of South Africa.
The Carlin Trend of Nevada, U.S., was discovered in 1961. Official estimates indicate that total world gold production since the beginning of civilization has been 4,970,000,000 troy ounces (155,000 t) and total Nevada production is three percent of that, which ranks Nevada as one of the Earth's primary gold producing regions.[8]
As of 2014, the world's largest gold producer by far was China with 450 tonnes/year. The second-largest producer, Australia, mined 274 tonnes in the same year, followed by Russia with 247 to
coal india limited
Coal India Limited (CIL)
कोल इंडिया लिमिटेड (सी आई एल)
Coal India Logo.svg
Type
State-owned enterprise
Public company
Traded as BSE: 533278
NSE: COALINDIA
BSE SENSEX Constituent
CNX Nifty Constituent
Industry Metals and Mining
Founded 1975
Headquarters Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Area served
India
Key people
Sutirtha Bhattacharya
(Chairman & MD)[1]
Products Coal, Bituminous
Revenue Increase ₹806.91 billion (US$12 billion)
(2014–15)[2]
Operating income
Increase ₹215.83 billion (US$3.2 billion)
(2014–15)[2]
Profit Increase ₹137.27 billion (US$2.0 billion)
(2014–15)[2]
Total assets Increase ₹1,024.5 billion (US$15 billion)
(Mar 2015)[2]
Total equity Increase ₹403.53 billion (US$6.0 billion)
(Mar 2015)[2]
Owner Government of India (79.65%)
Number of employees
333,097 (1st April-2015)[2]
Website www.coalindia.in
Coal India Limited (CIL) is an Indian state-controlled coal mining company headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It is the largest coal producer company in the world[3][4] and contributes around 82% [5] of the coal production in India. It produced 494.24 million tonnes of coal during FY2014–15[1][6] and earned a revenue of ₹954.35 billion (US$14 billion)[7] from sale of coal in the same financial year.[1][8] As on 14 October 2015,[9] Union Government of India owns 79.65% of the shares in CIL [10] and controls the operations of CIL through Ministry of Coal.[3] In April 2011, CIL was conferred the Maharatna status by the Union Government of India.[11][12] As on 14 October 2015, its market capitalisation was ₹2.11 trillion (US$31 billion) making it India's 8th most valuable company by market value.[13][14][15]
History Edit
Coal mining in Government sector had started in India in the year 1956. Until then, it was totally under the private sector.
In September 1956, Government of India established its own coal company National Coal Development Corporation (NCDC). Collieries run by the Railways formed the nucleus of NCDC. This was to fulfill the fast growing energy requirements in the country to support rapid industrialization taking place through 5-year Plans of the Government. In the same year, Singareni Colliery Company, which was operating in Andhra Pradesh since 1920, was also brought under government control when the Central Government and Andhra Pradesh Government acquired its 45% and 55% shares respectively.
In 1971, the Government of India nationalized all the 214 coking-coal mines and 12 coke-ovens running in the private setor, excluding those held by TISCO and IISCO for their captive use. On 1st Jan 1972, a new Government company Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL) was formed to take control of these nationalized mines and coke-ovens. Next year on 30th January 1973, all the remaining 711 non-coking coalmines of the country in private sector were also nationalized. 184 of these mines were handed over to BCCL, and remaining 527 were handed over to a newly opened department Coal Mines Authority. 4 months later on 14th June 1973, this department was converted into a separate Government company CMAL. NCDC, earlier formed in 1957, was merged with CMAL, and 45% share-holding of Central Government in Singareni Collieries Company Ltd was also handed over to CMAL. CMAL started functioning with its 4 divisions, viz, Eastern Coalfields, Central Coalfields, Western Coalfields, and Central Mine Planning & Design Institute.
By 1973, all coking coalmines were under BCCL, which was functioning as a subsidiary of Steel Authority of India Ltd (SAIL) under Department of Steel of the Ministry of Steel and Mines; and all non-coking coalmines were under CMAL, which was under Department of Mines of the Ministry of Steel and Mines. For better control, both BCCL and CMAL were brought on 11th October 1974 under the Department of Coal (now an independent Ministry) of the newly formed Ministry of Energy.
On 1st November 1975, a new public-sector company Coal India Limited (CIL) was formed to enable better organizational and operational
indian bureau of mines
The Indian Bureau of Mines (IBM) established in 1948, is a multi-disciplinary government organisation under the Department of Mines, Ministry of Mines, engaged in promotion of conservation, scientific development of mineral resources and protection of environment in mines other than coal, petroleum & natural gas, atomic minerals and minor minerals.
Read More
Vision and Mission
IBM Building
The primary mission of Indian Bureau of Mines is to promote systematic and scientific development of mineral resources of the country (both onshore and offshore), through regulatory inspections of the mines, approval of mining plans and environment management plans to ensure minimal adverse impact on environment. Some of the key aspects in carrying out our mission include...
UNITED STATES BUREAU OF MINES
United States Bureau of Mines
Bureau of Mines-Transparent.png
Agency overview
Formed May 16, 1910
Dissolved March 30, 1996
Superseding agency
Department of Energy
U.S. Geological Survey
Bureau of Land Management
Office of Mine Safety and Health Research
National Mine Map Repository
Jurisdiction Federal Government of the United States
Headquarters Washington, DC (former)
Motto Safety and Efficiency
Parent department Department of the Interior
For most of the 20th century, the United States Bureau of Mines (USBM) was the primary United States government agency conducting scientific research and disseminating information on the extraction, processing, use, and conservation of mineral2 resources.
MINES AND COLLIERIES ACT OF 1842
Mines and Collieries Act 1842 (c. 99), commonly known as the Mines Act of 1842, was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It prohibited (banned) all girls and boys under ten years old from working underground in coal mines. It was a response to the working conditions of children revealed in the Children's Employment Commission (Mines) 1842 report. The Commission was headed by Lord Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury.[1]
At the beginning of the 19th century methods of coal extraction were primitive and the workforce, men, women and children, laboured in dangerous conditions. In 1841 about 216,000 people were employed in the mines. Women and children worked underground for 11 or 12 hours a day for smaller wages than men.[1] The public became aware of conditions in the country's collieries in 1838 after an accident at Huskar Colliery in Silkstone, near Barnsley. A stream overflowed into the ventilation drift after violent thunderstorms causing the death of 26 children; 11 girls aged from 8 to 16 and 15 boys between 9 and 12 years of age.[2] The disaster came to the attention of Queen Victoria who ordered an inquiry.[1]
Lord Ashley headed the royal commission of inquiry which investigated the conditions of workers especially children in the coal mines in 1840. Commissioners visited collieries and mining communities gathering information sometimes against the mine owners' wishes. The report, illustrated by engraved illustrations and the personal accounts of mineworkers was published in May 1842. Victorian society was shocked to discover that children, as young as five or six worked as trappers, opening and shutting ventilation doors down the mine before becoming hurriers, pushing & pulling coal tubs and corfs.[3] Lord Ashley deliberately appealed to Victorian prudery, focussing on girls and women wearing trousers and working bare breasted in the presence of boys and men which "made girls unsuitable for marriage and unfit to be mothers". Such an affront to Victorian morality ensured the bill was passed.[1]
Results of the act Edit
No female was to be employed underground
No boy under 10 years old was to be employed underground.
Parish apprentices between the ages of 10 and 18 could continue to work in the mines [4]
coal mines bill of 2015
Press Information Bureau
Government of India
Ministry of Coal
20-March-2015 17:09 IST
Parliament Passes the Coal Mines (Special Provisions) Bill, 2015
With the passing of the Coal Mines( Special Provisions) Bill 2015 by the Rajya Sabha today , the Bill gets the approval of the Parliament. Earlier the Lok Sabha had passed this Bill on 04th March, 2015. The Bill will replace Ordinance issued by the Government, the first as on 21st October, 2014 and then repromulgated on 26 th December ,2014 , after the apex court cancelled the allocation of 204 blocks. Moving the Bill, Coal Minister Sh. Piyush Goyal said that the Bill aims at transparent allocation or auction of coal mines.
The objecives and salient features of the Coal Mines( Special Provisions) Bill,2015 are as follows :
Objectives of the Bill :
• To provide for allocation of coal mines and vesting of the right, title and interest in and over the land and mine infrastructure to successful bidders and allottees with a view to ensure continuity in coal mining operations and production of coal.
• To take immediate action to auction or allot coal mines to minimise impact on core sectors such as steel, cement and power, which are vital for the development of the nation.
• To amend the Coal Mines (Nationalization) Act, 1973 and the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 thereby removing the restriction of end use from the eligibility to undertake coal mining except in the case of certain specified coal blocks.
Salient features of the Bill :
• 204 cancelled blocks have been defined as ‘Schedule-I coal mines’.
• 42 producing and ready to produce coal mine out of Schedule-I coal mines are defined as ‘Schedule-II coal mines’.
• Other 32 substantially developed coal blocks out of Schedule-I coal mines are defined as ‘Schedule-III coal mines’ meant for specified end-use(more mines can be added to Schedule-III).
• The Central Government has the power to classify mines identified from Schedule I coal mines as earmarked for a class of specified end-uses.
• Allocation shall be made through auction to a company or their JV.
• In case of Government Company or their JV, allotment may be made without auction.
• There shall be no end use restrictions on the eligibility to participate in the auction, other than for Schedule II & III coal mines.
• ‘Nominated Authority’ shall be appointed for conduct of auction/ allotment and vesting and transfer of all interests, rights and titles of these coal mines in the successful bidder or allottee. Nominated Authority to be assisted by experts and other officers.
• The proceeds of auction shall be received by the Nominated Authority and disbursed to respective States.
• Compensation only for land and immovable mining infrastructure shall be paid to the prior allottee after paying secured creditors.
• The quantum of compensation for the mine infrastructure in relation to Schedule I coal mines is determined as per the written down valuereflected in the statutorily audited balance sheet of the previous financial year.
• The quantum of compensation for the land in relation to Schedule I coal mines shall be as per the registered sale deeds together with twelve per cent. simple interest from the date of such purchase or acquisition, till the date of the execution of the vesting order or the allotment order, as the case may be.
• ‘Commissioner of Payments’ shall be appointed for disbursal of compensation.
• The Central Government may appoint Custodian(s) for operation and management of the coal mines till they are allocated through auction or allotment.
• Tribunal constituted under the Coal Bearing Areas (Acquisition and Development), Act, 1957 will adjudicate any dispute arising out of any action of the Central Government/ nominated authority or any dispute between the successful bidder or allottee and prior allottee arising o
mining operations and management of mines
MINING OPERATIONS AND MANAGEMENT OF MINES
16. Notice to be given of mining operations –
(1) The owner, agent or manager of a mine shall, before the commencement of any
mining operation, give to the Chief Inspector, the [Controller,] Indian Bureau of Mines
and the District Magistrate of the district in which the mine is situated, notice in writing
in such form and containing such particulars relating to the mine, as may be
prescribed.
(2) Any notice given under sub-section (1) shall be so given as to reach the persons
concerned at least one month before the commencement of any noting operation.
17. (1) Managers- Save as may be otherwise prescribed, every mine shall be under a sole
manager who shall have the prescribed qualifications and the owner or agent of every
mine shall appoint a person having such qualifications to be the manager:
Provi ded that the owner or agent may appoint himself as manager if he possesses the
prescribed qualifications.
(2) Subject to any instruction given to him by or on behalf of the owner or agent of the
mine, the manager shall be responsible for the overall management, control, supervision
and direction of the mine and all such instructions when given by the owner or agent shall
be confirmed in writing forthwith.
(3) Except in case of an emergency, the owner or agent of a mine or anyone on his
behalf shall not give otherwise than through the manager, instructions affecting the
fulfilment of his statutory duties, to a persons, empooyed in a mine, who is responsible to
the manager.
18. Duties and responsibilities of owners, agents and managers :-
(1) the owner and agent of every mine shall each be responsible for making financial
and other provisions and for taking such other steps as may be necessary for
compliance with the provisions of this Act and the regulations, rules, bye-laws and
orders made thereunder.
(2) The responsibility in respect of matters provided for in the rules made under clauses
(d), (e) and (p) of section 58 shall be exclusively carried out by the owner and agent
of the mine and by such person ( other than the manager) whom the owner or agent
may appoint for securing compliance with the aforesaid provisions.
(3) If the carrying out of any instructions given under sub-section (2) or given otherwise
than through the manager under sub-section(3) of section 17 results in the
contravention of the provisions of this Act or of the regulations, rules, bye-laws or
orders made thereunder, every person giving such instructions shall also be liable for
the contravention of the provision concerned.
(4) Subject to the provisions of sub-sections(1), (2) and (3) the owner, agent and
manager of every mine shall each be responsible to see that all operations carried on
in connection with the mine are conducted in accordance with the provisions of this
Act and of the regulations, rules, bye-laws and orders made thereunder.
(5) In the event of any contravention by any person whosoever of any of the provisions
of this Act or of the regulations; rules, bye-laws or orders made thereunder except
those which specifically require any person to do any act or thing, or prohibit any
person from doing an act or thing, besides the person who contravenes, each of the
following persons shall also be deemed to be guilty of such contravention unless he
proves that he had used bue diligence to secure compliance with the provisions and
had taken reasonable means to prevent such contravention:
full form of various abbreviations mines
🕸🕸🕸🕸🕸🕸🕸
1. *PAN* - permanent account number.
2. *PDF* - portable document format.
3. *SIM* - Subscriber Identity Module.
4. *ATM* - Automated Teller machine.
5. *IFSC* - Indian Financial System Code.
6. *FSSAI(Fssai)* - Food Safety & Standards Authority of India.
7. *Wi-Fi* - Wireless fidelity.
8. *GOOGLE* - Global Organization Of Oriented Group Language Of Earth.
9. *YAHOO* - Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle.
10. *WINDOW* - Wide Interactive Network Development for Office work Solution.
11. *COMPUTER* - Common Oriented Machine. Particularly United and used under Technical and Educational Research.
12. *VIRUS* - Vital Information Resources Under Siege.
13. *UMTS* - Universal Mobile Telecommunicati ons System.
14. *AMOLED* - Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode.
15. *OLED* - Organic light-emitting diode.
16. *IMEI* - International Mobile Equipment Identity.
17. *ESN* - Electronic Serial Number.
18. *UPS* - Uninterruptible power supply.
19. *HDMI* - High-Definition Multimedia Interface.
20. *VPN* - Virtual private network.
21. *APN* - Access Point Name.
22. *LED* - Light emitting diode.
23. *DLNA* - Digital Living Network Alliance.
24. *RAM* - Random access memory.
25. *ROM* - Read only memory.
26. *VGA* - Video Graphics Array.
27. *QVGA* - Quarter Video Graphics Array.
28. *WVGA* - Wide video graphics array.
29. *WXGA* - Widescreen Extended Graphics Array.
30. *USB* - Universal serial Bus.
31. *WLAN* - Wireless Local Area Network.
32. *PPI* - Pixels Per Inch.
33. *LCD* - Liquid Crystal Display.
34. *HSDPA* - High speed down-link packet access.
35. *HSUPA* - High-Speed Uplink Packet Access.
36. *HSPA* - High Speed Packet Access.
37. *GPRS* - General Packet Radio Service.
38. *EDGE* - Enhanced Data Rates for Globa Evolution.
39. *NFC* - Near field communication.
40. *OTG* - On-the-go.
41. *S-LCD* - Super Liquid Crystal Display.
42. *O.S* - Operating system.
43. *SNS* - Social network service.
44. *H.S* - HOTSPOT.
45. *P.O.I* - Point of interest.
46. *GPS* - Global Positioning System.
47. *DVD* - Digital Video Disk.
48. *DTP* - Desk top publishing.
49. *DNSE* - Digital natural sound engine.
50. *OVI* - Ohio Video Intranet.
51. *CDMA* - Code Division Multiple Access.
52. *WCDMA* - Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access.
53. *GSM* - Global System for Mobile Communications.
54. *DIVX* - Digital internet video access.
55. *APK* - Authenticated public key.
56. *J2ME* - Java 2 micro edition.
57. *SIS* - Installation source.
58. *DELL* - Digital electronic link library.
59. *ACER* - Acquisition Collaboration Experimentation Reflection.
60. *RSS* - Really simple syndication.
61. *TFT* - Thin film transistor.
62. *AMR*- Adaptive Multi-Rate.
63. *MPEG* - moving pictures experts group.
64. *IVRS* - Interactive Voice Response System.
65. *HP* - Hewlett Packard.
*Do we know actual full form of some words???*
66. *News paper =*
_North East West South past and present events report._
67. *Chess =*
_Chariot, Horse, Elephant, Soldiers._
68. *Cold =*
_Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease._
69. *Joke =*
_Joy of Kids Entertainment._
70. *Aim =*
_Ambition in Mind._
71. *Date =*
_Day and Time Evolution._
72. *Eat =*
_Energy and Taste._
73. *Tea =*
_Taste and Energy Admitted._
74. *Pen =*
_Power Enriched in Nib._
75. *Smile =*
_Sweet Memories in Lips Expression._
76. *etc. =*
_End of Thinking Capacity_
77. *OK =*
_Objection Killed_
78. *Or =*
_Orl Korec (Greek Word)_
79. *Bye =*♥
_Be with you Everytime._
*share these meanings as majority of us don't know*👌👌👌👌👌👌👌👌
mines and mineral act of india
Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957
Page issues
Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957
Emblem of India.svg
An Act to provide for the development and regulation of mines and minerals under the
control of the Union
Citation Act 67 of 1957
Enacted by Parliament of India
Date enacted 28 December 1957
Amendments
1958, 1960, 1972, 1978, 1986, 1994, 1999, 2010, 2015
Status: In force
The Mines and Minerals (Regulation and Development) Act (1957) is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to regulate the mining sector in India. This act forms the basic framework of mining regulation in India.[1]
This act is applicable to all mineral except coal, minor minerals and atomic minerals. It details the process and conditions for acquiring a mining or prospecting licence in India. Mining minor minerals comes under the purview of state governments.[1] River sand is considered a minor mineral.[2] For mining and prospecting in forest land, prior permission is needed from the Ministry of Environment and Forests.[3]
Amendments Edit
2015 Edit
The act was amended by The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2015 replacing the ordinance promulgated on 12 January 2015.[4][5] The amendment was proposed to bring transparency to the allocation of mining licence process by auctions.[6] It was passed in the Lok Sabha on 3 March 2015 and in the Rajya Sabha on 20 March 2015.[6][7]
In November 2014, the draft of the bill was released for public comments.[8] On 12 January 2015, Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Ordinance, 2015 was approved by the President of India. It was the 7th ordinance by the National Democratic Alliance government since it took power in May 2014.[4] The bill to replace the ordinance was introduced in the Parliament on 23 February 2015.[9]
On 16 May 2014, Supreme Court of India cancelled licences of 26 mines in Odisha state. These mines were being operating even though the state had not given them renewal leases. The state was given 6 months to resolve the issues. During this period, Odisha renewed 8 leases.[10] On 6 January 2015, the Government of Odisha had decided to auction its remaining non-coal mining leases awaiting renewal.[11][12] The state was granted 2 more months on 23 February to decide. However, introduction of the bill delayed Odisha's plans of auction.[10]
The amendment seeks to introduce a system of auctions to allocate mining licenses. A fixed percentage to the revenue of a mine will be allocated to development of the area around it, to be called a District Mineral Foundation. The state government will set the rates and it will be in addition to the royalty.[8][13] A National Mineral Exploration Trust will be set up to explore and promote non-coal minerals. It will have a starting fund of ₹500 crore and will be funded by a 2% levy from mining license holders.[14]
The licences will have a validity of 50 years, compared to the previous 30 years. There will be no renewal of licences, only re-auction.[6][8] The bill contains a new license for prospecting-cum-mining, replacing a two-stage process.[15] The mining and prospecting-cum-mining licences may be transferred to another party by notifying the state government. The state government may charge a fees for such transfers.[8] Notified minerals like iron ore, limestone, manganese, and bauxite, will not require a prospecting licence. The mining licence will be autioned. For non-notified minerals, a prospecting-cum-mining licence will be required.[16]
The amendmentamendment will make illegal mining, trespassing and violation of norms, cognisable offences punishable by 2 years imprisonment and/or fine. The state government will be allowed to set up special courts for such trials.[16]
2016 Edit
The Union Cabinet of India approved amendments in March 2016. The amendment will allow transfer of captive mining leases not granted through auction. Transfer of captive mining leases, grants
Saturday, 11 February 2017
Globe editors have posted this research report with permission of Veritas Investment Research. This should not be construed as an endorsement of the report’s recommendations. For more on The Globe’s disclaimers please read here. The following text is excerpted from the report: Our analysis reveals that accounting-.
Globe editors have posted this research report with permission of Veritas Investment Research. This should not be construed as an endorsement of the report’s recommendations. For more on The Globe’s disclaimers please read here. The following text is excerpted from the report:
Our analysis reveals that accounting-related differences in miners’ reported cash flows and cash costs can skew comparisons. Adjustments are needed because companies report under different accounting standards. But even if all the miners used the same rules, adjustments would still be required to normalize for non-controlling interests and equity method accounting.
As a result, we believe a case-by-case cash flow analysis is needed for both comparability and valuation purposes. Our valuations and estimates remain unchanged as we had always incorporated accounting discrepancies into our analyses.
mines tourism in jharkhand
Mines & Minerals and Industries are the main drivers of the economy of the Jharkhand state. Coal Mines in Jharkhand are lying close to the Dhanbad city, minerals are located in Chhotanagpur. The main industries of the state are based in Jamshedpur and Bokaro. Jharkhand has a wealthy treasure of Iron & steel, coal, mica, etc. While Chhotanagpur plateau is iron ore rich region, Bokaro is known for Iron & Steel. The state’s industrial capital is Jamshedpur.
Jharkhand is trying to exploit its plenty of mineral resources, and also looking to attract more tourists from across the globe for Mining Tourism in Jharkhand. In lines with the countries like South Africa and Australia, Indian state of Jharkhand proposes to start Jharkhand Mining Tourism. It is looking to establish several industrial, socio-cultural and other institutions in the state.
Central Coalfields Limited (CCL)
jharkhand_tourism
Central Coalfields Ltd (CCL), the Indian pioneer coal mining company, is one of the leading coal suppliers to power and steel sector of the country. CCL offers a big range of coal to the country’s consumers in core and non-core sector.
Hindustan Copper Limited(HCL)
jharkhand_tourism
Hindustan Copper Ltd (HCL), incorporated on Nov 9, 1967, is the only Indian vertically integrated multi-unit copper producing company in a diversity of activities including mining, beneficiation, smelting, refining and manufacturing of copper cathodes, continuous cast wire rods and wire bars.
Sindri
jharkhand_tourism
The popular fertilizer complex, located on the bank of River Damodar, is lying at a distance of 30 km from Dhanbad
first time in india
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First time in India, coal mine tourism opens for visitors
Abha Goradia | TNN |
Dec 20, 2016, 04.39 PM IST
Nagpur: An image of a coal mine, as propagated by movies, conjures images of barefoot labourers tortured to work in blazing sun; and of resources being exploited. But, in reality it is not as grim as it is shown in movies.
To raise awareness about the importance of coal mining, which forms backbone for most industries, Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation and Western Coalfields Limited have entered into a unique agreement. Tourists will now be allowed to visit the depth of a WCL coal mine in Saoner, tour an eco-park and visit the open cast mine in Gondegaon.
In a first of its kind initiative in the country, the tourists will be taken inside Saoner Underground Mine No. 1 up to 1.5km from its entrance. It is located about 37km from the city. A unique man riding system will take the tourists inside and WCL guide will facilitate this trip, taking them about 100m down from the ground surface. TOI got special permission for photography inside the mines. "The idea is to educate people on how coal mining is done," said DM Gokhale, AGM of WCL Nagpur.
According to the five-year MoU signed between KH Govindraj, managing director of MTDC and Rajiv Mishra, MD of WCL, the tourism facilities for visitors, bookings and marketing of the concept will be done by MTDC. The underground mine tour may remain closed during rainy season (from June to September) due to the water accumulation and increase in risks. "WCL reserves the right to deny visitors according to the appropriateness of weather and conditions in the mine," said Ashish Tayal, deputy PRO of WCL Nagpur.
Children below 18 years are not allowed inside the underground mine. Entry to the mine will also be subject to health and fitness parameters set by WCL. According to the initial itinerary planned by MTDC, the day tour will start at 9.30am from MTDC office, Civil Lines.
The sprawling eco park of WCL, spread across six hectares, has live science models made of metal junk. It also offers various herbal plants and safari through a toy train passing through models of mining galleries. The park was appreciated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in his radio show, 'Mann Ki Baat', in March this year.
MTDC can also customize packages to include stays at their resort in Nagpur and Sillari Pench. "Initially, we're focusing on day tours during weekends. According to the response, we can be flexible with timings and can also customize packages," said Hanumant Hede, senior regional manager, MTDC Nagpur.
For now, MTDC has decided to charge Rs650 for the day tour. It will include transportation charges, safety gears given at the start of mine tour and lunch at WCL guesthouse.
ends
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rock mass rating rule {RMR}
ROCK MASS RATING {RMR}.
Parameter. Max rating
Layer thickness. 30
Structural features. 25
ROCK weathering ability. 20
Strength of rock. 15
Ground water seepage. 10
Total rating 100
CATEGORIZATION OF ROOF ACC TO RMR
RMR marks
Very poor. 0-20
Poor. 20-40
Average 40-60
Good. 60-80
Very good. 80-100
Friday, 10 February 2017
fb page of ug and coal tourism
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degree classification of mines
Banksman means person at top of incline and shaft appoint to look the man things and tools for lowering and uppering and ringing the bell
Coal means anthracite bituminous lignite peat and other carbon products which sells as
Coal and make ready to sell as coal
First degree gassy mines means coal seam or part of coal seam that is in ug mines
And the general body of air in underground mines the percentage of inflammable gas
Is less than0.1% and not more than 1m3 of inflammable gas per tonne coal produced
Second degree gassy mines means coal seam or part of coal seam that is in ug mines
And the general body of air in underground mines the percentage of inflammable gas
Is more than 0.1% or more than 1m3 and not more than 10m3 of inflammable gas per tonne coal produced
Third degree gassy mines means coal seam or part of coal seam that is in ug mines
And the general body of air in underground mines the percentage of inflammable gas
Is more than 0.1% and more than 10m3 of inflammable gas per tonne coal produced
Coal means anthracite bituminous lignite peat and other carbon products which sells as
Coal and make ready to sell as coal
First degree gassy mines means coal seam or part of coal seam that is in ug mines
And the general body of air in underground mines the percentage of inflammable gas
Is less than0.1% and not more than 1m3 of inflammable gas per tonne coal produced
Second degree gassy mines means coal seam or part of coal seam that is in ug mines
And the general body of air in underground mines the percentage of inflammable gas
Is more than 0.1% or more than 1m3 and not more than 10m3 of inflammable gas per tonne coal produced
Third degree gassy mines means coal seam or part of coal seam that is in ug mines
And the general body of air in underground mines the percentage of inflammable gas
Is more than 0.1% and more than 10m3 of inflammable gas per tonne coal produced
definition of mines equip nd vocabulary
REGULATION 2
DEFINITIONS ARE TAKEN AS GIVEN BELOW AS FAR AS THERE IS NO
Contrary
ACT - MINES ACT 1952
APPRIVED SAFETY LAMP AND APPROVED SAFETY TORCH - THE SAFETY SAFETY TORCH
And SAFETY TORCH APPROVED BY COMPANY AND MADE IN A WAY IN WHICH CHIEF INSPECTOR DESCRIBED IN GOVERNMENT GAZETTE TIME TO TIME
DEFINITIONS ARE TAKEN AS GIVEN BELOW AS FAR AS THERE IS NO
Contrary
ACT - MINES ACT 1952
APPRIVED SAFETY LAMP AND APPROVED SAFETY TORCH - THE SAFETY SAFETY TORCH
And SAFETY TORCH APPROVED BY COMPANY AND MADE IN A WAY IN WHICH CHIEF INSPECTOR DESCRIBED IN GOVERNMENT GAZETTE TIME TO TIME
Thursday, 9 February 2017
Dhanbad Coal Mine Disasters (1965 and1975) - India
The Dhanbad coal mine disaster occurred on the night between 27th and 28th May. The disaster was caused by an explosion in Dhori colliery near Dhanbad, the major coal mining town in India. 375 miners were killed in the disaster.
It was a firedamp and coal dust explosion. The initial ignition was suspected to have come from the hurricane lantern of a person who entered the underground gallery. The mine's management alleged it to be an intentional act of ignition.
Ten years later on 27 December 1975, another disaster struck the Chasnala colliery, near Dhanbad. The Chasnala mining disaster killed 372 people. The coal dust explosion in the deep mine led to a blast that damaged the roof barrier with a huge water body sitting above it. Most of the deaths were because of the formidable flooding of water into the mine.
mine gases perventage limits
Percentage limit of gases in ug mines
Gases. Min. Limit. Max. Limit
O2{oxygen}. 19%. ------
Co2{carbon dioxide}. ----------. 0.5%
CH4 /methane. ----------. 1.25%at anyplace in mines
. 0.75 in return
CO/carbon monooxide. ---------. 0.005%/50ppm
NOx/nitrous fumes. ---------. 0.0005%/5ppm
H2S/hydrogen sulphide. ......... 0.0010%/10ppm
SO2/sulphur dioxide .......... 5 ppm/0.0005%
COAL TOURISM
The most adventurous tourism
Underground mines. And working of people under 500 ft beneath the earth's surface
Underground mines. And working of people under 500 ft beneath the earth's surface
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